fix: preserve unknown numeric conditions through boolean expressions

crates/fidc-core/src/numeric_expr_vm.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ pub(crate) enum ValueType {
 pub(crate) enum Value {
     Number(f64),
     Boolean(bool),
+    Missing(ValueType),
 }
 
 impl Value {
@@ -18,20 +19,28 @@ impl Value {
         match self {
             Self::Number(_) => ValueType::Number,
             Self::Boolean(_) => ValueType::Boolean,
+            Self::Missing(value_type) => value_type,
         }
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn as_number(self) -> Option<f64> {
         match self {
             Self::Number(value) => Some(value),
-            Self::Boolean(_) => None,
+            Self::Boolean(_) | Self::Missing(_) => None,
         }
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn as_bool(self) -> Option<bool> {
         match self {
             Self::Boolean(value) => Some(value),
-            Self::Number(_) => None,
+            Self::Number(_) | Self::Missing(_) => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn normalized(self) -> Self {
+        match self {
+            Self::Number(value) if !value.is_finite() => Self::Missing(ValueType::Number),
+            value => value,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -103,6 +112,8 @@ enum BinaryOp {
     LessEqual,
     Greater,
     GreaterEqual,
+    And,
+    Or,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -134,7 +145,7 @@ enum Instruction {
     Binary(BinaryOp),
     Call { builtin: Builtin, argc: u8 },
     JumpIfFalse(usize),
-    JumpIfTrue(usize),
+    ShortCircuit { on: bool, target: usize },
     Jump(usize),
     Return,
 }
@@ -165,7 +176,7 @@ impl Program {
         let mut pc = 0usize;
         while let Some(instruction) = self.instructions.get(pc) {
             match *instruction {
-                Instruction::Push(value) => scratch.stack.push(value),
+                Instruction::Push(value) => scratch.stack.push(value.normalized()),
                 Instruction::LoadVariable(index) => {
                     let index = usize::from(index);
                     let cached = scratch.variables[index];
@@ -173,7 +184,8 @@ impl Program {
                         Some(value) => value,
                         None => {
                             let expected_type = self.variable_types[index];
-                            let value = resolve(index, &self.variables[index], expected_type)?;
+                            let value =
+                                resolve(index, &self.variables[index], expected_type)?.normalized();
                             if value.value_type() != expected_type {
                                 return Err(EvalError::new(format!(
                                     "variable {} expected {:?}, got {:?}",
@@ -219,15 +231,23 @@ impl Program {
                     scratch.stack.push(value);
                 }
                 Instruction::JumpIfFalse(target) => {
-                    let condition = pop_bool(&mut scratch.stack)?;
+                    // Like CASE WHEN, only a known true condition takes this branch.
+                    let condition = match pop(&mut scratch.stack)? {
+                        Value::Boolean(value) => value,
+                        Value::Missing(ValueType::Boolean) => false,
+                        _ => return Err(EvalError::new("boolean operand required")),
+                    };
                     if !condition {
                         pc = target;
                         continue;
                     }
                 }
-                Instruction::JumpIfTrue(target) => {
+                Instruction::ShortCircuit { on, target } => {
-                    let condition = pop_bool(&mut scratch.stack)?;
+                    let condition =
-                    if condition {
+                        scratch.stack.last().copied().ok_or_else(|| {
+                            EvalError::new("stack underflow during short circuit")
+                        })?;
+                    if condition.as_bool() == Some(on) {
                         pc = target;
                         continue;
                     }
@@ -284,31 +304,56 @@ fn pop(stack: &mut Vec<Value>) -> Result<Value, EvalError> {
     stack.pop().ok_or_else(|| EvalError::new("stack underflow"))
 }
 
-fn pop_bool(stack: &mut Vec<Value>) -> Result<bool, EvalError> {
-    pop(stack)?
-        .as_bool()
-        .ok_or_else(|| EvalError::new("boolean operand required"))
-}
-
 fn number(value: Value) -> Result<f64, EvalError> {
+    if value == Value::Missing(ValueType::Number) {
+        return Ok(f64::NAN);
+    }
     value
         .as_number()
         .ok_or_else(|| EvalError::new("numeric operand required"))
 }
 
 fn eval_unary(operator: UnaryOp, value: Value) -> Result<Value, EvalError> {
-    match operator {
+    if matches!(value, Value::Missing(_)) {
+        return Ok(value);
+    }
+    let result: Result<Value, EvalError> = match operator {
         UnaryOp::Negate => Ok(Value::Number(-number(value)?)),
         UnaryOp::Not => {
             Ok(Value::Boolean(!value.as_bool().ok_or_else(|| {
                 EvalError::new("boolean operand required for !")
             })?))
         }
-    }
+    };
+    Ok(result?.normalized())
 }
 
 fn eval_binary(operator: BinaryOp, lhs: Value, rhs: Value) -> Result<Value, EvalError> {
-    match operator {
+    if matches!(operator, BinaryOp::And | BinaryOp::Or) {
+        let (lhs, rhs) = (lhs.as_bool(), rhs.as_bool());
+        let result = match operator {
+            BinaryOp::And if lhs == Some(false) || rhs == Some(false) => Some(false),
+            BinaryOp::And if lhs == Some(true) && rhs == Some(true) => Some(true),
+            BinaryOp::Or if lhs == Some(true) || rhs == Some(true) => Some(true),
+            BinaryOp::Or if lhs == Some(false) && rhs == Some(false) => Some(false),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+        return Ok(result
+            .map(Value::Boolean)
+            .unwrap_or(Value::Missing(ValueType::Boolean)));
+    }
+    if matches!(lhs, Value::Missing(_)) || matches!(rhs, Value::Missing(_)) {
+        let value_type = match operator {
+            BinaryOp::Add
+            | BinaryOp::Subtract
+            | BinaryOp::Multiply
+            | BinaryOp::Divide
+            | BinaryOp::Remainder => ValueType::Number,
+            _ => ValueType::Boolean,
+        };
+        return Ok(Value::Missing(value_type));
+    }
+    let result: Result<Value, EvalError> = match operator {
         BinaryOp::Add => Ok(Value::Number(number(lhs)? + number(rhs)?)),
         BinaryOp::Subtract => Ok(Value::Number(number(lhs)? - number(rhs)?)),
         BinaryOp::Multiply => Ok(Value::Number(number(lhs)? * number(rhs)?)),
@@ -356,7 +401,27 @@ fn eval_binary(operator: BinaryOp, lhs: Value, rhs: Value) -> Result<Value, Eval
                 (lhs - rhs) / float_comparison_scale(lhs, rhs) > -f64::EPSILON,
             ))
         }
+        BinaryOp::And | BinaryOp::Or => unreachable!(),
+    };
+    Ok(result?.normalized())
 }
+
+pub(crate) fn finite_comparison(operator: &str, lhs: f64, rhs: f64) -> Option<bool> {
+    if !lhs.is_finite() || !rhs.is_finite() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let operator = match operator {
+        "==" => BinaryOp::Equal,
+        "!=" => BinaryOp::NotEqual,
+        "<" => BinaryOp::Less,
+        "<=" => BinaryOp::LessEqual,
+        ">" => BinaryOp::Greater,
+        ">=" => BinaryOp::GreaterEqual,
+        _ => return None,
+    };
+    eval_binary(operator, Value::Number(lhs), Value::Number(rhs))
+        .ok()?
+        .as_bool()
 }
 
 fn float_comparison_scale(lhs: f64, rhs: f64) -> f64 {
@@ -382,7 +447,16 @@ fn eval_builtin(builtin: Builtin, args: &[Value]) -> Result<Value, EvalError> {
             .ok_or_else(|| EvalError::new("missing builtin argument"))
             .and_then(number)
     };
-    Ok(match builtin {
+    if !matches!(builtin, Builtin::Nz | Builtin::SafeDiv | Builtin::Iff)
+        && args.iter().any(|value| matches!(value, Value::Missing(_)))
+    {
+        return Ok(Value::Missing(if builtin == Builtin::Between {
+            ValueType::Boolean
+        } else {
+            ValueType::Number
+        }));
+    }
+    let result = match builtin {
         Builtin::Round => Value::Number(numeric(0)?.round()),
         Builtin::Floor => Value::Number(numeric(0)?.floor()),
         Builtin::Ceil => Value::Number(numeric(0)?.ceil()),
@@ -393,7 +467,13 @@ fn eval_builtin(builtin: Builtin, args: &[Value]) -> Result<Value, EvalError> {
         Builtin::Pow => Value::Number(numeric(0)?.powf(numeric(1)?)),
         Builtin::Log => Value::Number(numeric(0)?.ln()),
         Builtin::Exp => Value::Number(numeric(0)?.exp()),
-        Builtin::Clamp => Value::Number(numeric(0)?.clamp(numeric(1)?, numeric(2)?)),
+        Builtin::Clamp => {
+            let (value, low, high) = (numeric(0)?, numeric(1)?, numeric(2)?);
+            if low > high {
+                return Err(EvalError::new("clamp lower bound exceeds upper bound"));
+            }
+            Value::Number(value.clamp(low, high))
+        }
         Builtin::Between => {
             let value = numeric(0)?;
             Value::Boolean(value >= numeric(1)? && value <= numeric(2)?)
@@ -417,13 +497,15 @@ fn eval_builtin(builtin: Builtin, args: &[Value]) -> Result<Value, EvalError> {
             })
         }
         Builtin::Iff => {
-            let condition = args
+            let condition = match args.first().copied() {
-                .first()
+                Some(Value::Boolean(value)) => value,
-                .and_then(|value| value.as_bool())
+                Some(Value::Missing(ValueType::Boolean)) => false,
-                .ok_or_else(|| EvalError::new("iff condition must be boolean"))?;
+                _ => return Err(EvalError::new("iff condition must be boolean")),
+            };
             if condition { args[1] } else { args[2] }
         }
-    })
+    };
+    Ok(result.normalized())
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
@@ -1119,24 +1201,20 @@ where
             let lhs_type = self.expression(lhs)?;
             require_type(lhs_type, ValueType::Boolean, position)?;
             let branch = self.instructions.len();
-            self.instructions.push(match operator {
+            self.instructions.push(Instruction::ShortCircuit {
-                ParsedBinaryOp::And => Instruction::JumpIfFalse(usize::MAX),
+                on: operator == ParsedBinaryOp::Or,
-                ParsedBinaryOp::Or => Instruction::JumpIfTrue(usize::MAX),
+                target: usize::MAX,
-                _ => unreachable!(),
             });
             let rhs_type = self.expression(rhs)?;
             require_type(rhs_type, ValueType::Boolean, rhs.position())?;
-            let end_jump = self.instructions.len();
-            self.instructions.push(Instruction::Jump(usize::MAX));
-            let short_target = self.instructions.len();
             self.instructions
-                .push(Instruction::Push(Value::Boolean(matches!(
+                .push(Instruction::Binary(if operator == ParsedBinaryOp::And {
-                    operator,
+                    BinaryOp::And
-                    ParsedBinaryOp::Or
+                } else {
-                ))));
+                    BinaryOp::Or
+                }));
             let end_target = self.instructions.len();
-            patch_jump(&mut self.instructions, branch, short_target)?;
+            patch_jump(&mut self.instructions, branch, end_target)?;
-            patch_jump(&mut self.instructions, end_jump, end_target)?;
             return Ok(ValueType::Boolean);
         }
 
@@ -1285,7 +1363,7 @@ fn patch_jump(
     };
     match instruction {
         Instruction::JumpIfFalse(value)
-        | Instruction::JumpIfTrue(value)
+        | Instruction::ShortCircuit { target: value, .. }
         | Instruction::Jump(value) => {
             *value = target;
             Ok(())
@@ -1394,6 +1472,93 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn nullable_boolean_truth_table_preserves_unknown_under_negation() {
+        let unknown = Value::Missing(ValueType::Boolean);
+        let states = [Value::Boolean(false), Value::Boolean(true), unknown];
+        let and = [
+            [states[0], states[0], states[0]],
+            [states[0], states[1], unknown],
+            [states[0], unknown, unknown],
+        ];
+        let or = [
+            [states[0], states[1], unknown],
+            [states[1], states[1], states[1]],
+            [unknown, states[1], unknown],
+        ];
+        for (i, lhs) in states.iter().enumerate() {
+            for (j, rhs) in states.iter().enumerate() {
+                let values = [("lhs", *lhs), ("rhs", *rhs)];
+                assert_eq!(evaluate("lhs && rhs", &values), and[i][j]);
+                assert_eq!(evaluate("lhs || rhs", &values), or[i][j]);
+                assert_eq!(evaluate("!!(lhs && rhs)", &values), and[i][j]);
+                assert_eq!(evaluate("!!(lhs || rhs)", &values), or[i][j]);
+            }
+        }
+        assert_eq!(evaluate("!value", &[("value", unknown)]), unknown);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn missing_numeric_operands_do_not_become_boolean_false_or_zero() {
+        let unknown = Value::Missing(ValueType::Boolean);
+        for missing in [f64::NAN, f64::INFINITY, f64::NEG_INFINITY] {
+            for operator in ["==", "!=", "<", "<=", ">", ">="] {
+                let values = [("value", Value::Number(missing))];
+                assert_eq!(evaluate(&format!("value {operator} 0.0"), &values), unknown);
+                assert_eq!(
+                    evaluate(&format!("!(0.0 {operator} value)"), &values),
+                    unknown
+                );
+                assert_eq!(
+                    evaluate(&format!("!((value + 1.0) {operator} 0.0)"), &values),
+                    unknown
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        let missing = [("value", Value::Number(f64::NAN))];
+        assert_eq!(evaluate("!(min(value, 1.0) > 0.0)", &missing), unknown);
+        assert_eq!(evaluate("!between(value, 0.0, 1.0)", &missing), unknown);
+        assert_eq!(evaluate("!(1.0 / 0.0 > 0.0)", &[]), unknown);
+        assert_eq!(evaluate("!(sqrt(-1.0) > 0.0)", &[]), unknown);
+        assert_eq!(evaluate("nz(value, 7.0)", &missing), Value::Number(7.0));
+        assert_eq!(
+            evaluate("nz(value, 0.0) == 0.0", &missing),
+            Value::Boolean(true)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn nullable_short_circuit_and_explicit_conditional_branches_are_lazy() {
+        for source in [
+            "false && missing",
+            "true || missing",
+            "if true { true } else { missing }",
+        ] {
+            let program = compile(source, |_| Some(ValueType::Boolean)).unwrap();
+            program
+                .evaluate(&mut Scratch::default(), |_, _, _| {
+                    Err(EvalError::new("unused input must not be resolved"))
+                })
+                .unwrap();
+        }
+        let unknown = Value::Missing(ValueType::Boolean);
+        assert_eq!(
+            evaluate("if value { 1.0 } else { 2.0 }", &[("value", unknown)]),
+            Value::Number(2.0)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            evaluate("iff(value, 1.0, 2.0)", &[("value", unknown)]),
+            Value::Number(2.0)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn invalid_clamp_returns_error_without_panicking() {
+        let program = compile("clamp(1.0, 2.0, 0.0)", |_| None).unwrap();
+        let result = program.evaluate(&mut Scratch::default(), |_, _, _| unreachable!());
+        assert!(result.unwrap_err().to_string().contains("lower bound"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn short_circuit_does_not_resolve_unused_variable() {
         let program = compile("false && missing", |name| {

crates/fidc-core/src/platform_expr_strategy.rs

@@ -1388,6 +1388,15 @@ pub struct PlatformSelectionQuotePlan {
     pub diagnostics: Vec<String>,
 }
 
+fn checked_rhai_comparison(
+    operator: &str,
+    lhs: f64,
+    rhs: f64,
+) -> Result<bool, Box<rhai::EvalAltResult>> {
+    numeric_expr_vm::finite_comparison(operator, lhs, rhs)
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("missing_numeric_operand: operator={operator}").into())
+}
+
 fn platform_safe_div(lhs: f64, rhs: f64, fallback: f64) -> f64 {
     if rhs.abs() <= f64::EPSILON {
         fallback
@@ -1565,21 +1574,48 @@ impl PlatformExprStrategy {
 
     pub fn new(config: PlatformExprStrategyConfig) -> Self {
         let mut engine = Engine::new();
+        // Dynamic scripts cannot carry a nullable boolean through Rhai's
+        // logical operators. Reject an unknown comparison instead of letting
+        // native NaN comparisons turn missing data into a buy/sell signal.
+        for operator in ["==", "!=", "<", "<=", ">", ">="] {
+            engine.register_fn(operator, move |lhs: f64, rhs: f64| {
+                checked_rhai_comparison(operator, lhs, rhs)
+            });
+            engine.register_fn(operator, move |lhs: f64, rhs: i64| {
+                checked_rhai_comparison(operator, lhs, rhs as f64)
+            });
+            engine.register_fn(operator, move |lhs: i64, rhs: f64| {
+                checked_rhai_comparison(operator, lhs as f64, rhs)
+            });
+        }
         engine.register_fn("round", |value: f64| value.round());
         engine.register_fn("floor", |value: f64| value.floor());
         engine.register_fn("ceil", |value: f64| value.ceil());
         engine.register_fn("abs", |value: f64| value.abs());
-        engine.register_fn("min", |lhs: f64, rhs: f64| lhs.min(rhs));
+        engine.register_fn("min", |lhs: f64, rhs: f64| {
-        engine.register_fn("max", |lhs: f64, rhs: f64| lhs.max(rhs));
+            if lhs.is_finite() && rhs.is_finite() { lhs.min(rhs) } else { f64::NAN }
+        });
+        engine.register_fn("max", |lhs: f64, rhs: f64| {
+            if lhs.is_finite() && rhs.is_finite() { lhs.max(rhs) } else { f64::NAN }
+        });
         engine.register_fn("sqrt", |value: f64| value.sqrt());
         engine.register_fn("pow", |lhs: f64, rhs: f64| lhs.powf(rhs));
         engine.register_fn("log", |value: f64| value.ln());
         engine.register_fn("exp", |value: f64| value.exp());
-        engine.register_fn("clamp", |value: f64, low: f64, high: f64| {
+        engine.register_fn("clamp", |value: f64, low: f64, high: f64| -> Result<f64, Box<rhai::EvalAltResult>> {
-            value.clamp(low, high)
+            if !value.is_finite() || !low.is_finite() || !high.is_finite() {
+                return Ok(f64::NAN);
+            }
+            if low > high {
+                return Err("clamp lower bound exceeds upper bound".into());
+            }
+            Ok(value.clamp(low, high))
         });
-        engine.register_fn("between", |value: f64, low: f64, high: f64| {
+        engine.register_fn("between", |value: f64, low: f64, high: f64| -> Result<bool, Box<rhai::EvalAltResult>> {
-            value >= low && value <= high
+            if !value.is_finite() || !low.is_finite() || !high.is_finite() {
+                return Err("missing_numeric_operand: function=between".into());
+            }
+            Ok(value >= low && value <= high)
         });
         engine.register_fn(
             "nz",
@@ -8330,6 +8366,7 @@ impl PlatformExprStrategy {
             return match value {
                 NumericVmValue::Number(number) => Ok(number),
                 NumericVmValue::Boolean(boolean) => Ok(if boolean { 1.0 } else { 0.0 }),
+                NumericVmValue::Missing(_) => Ok(f64::NAN),
             };
         }
         let value = self.eval_dynamic(ctx, expr, day, stock, position)?;
@@ -8360,6 +8397,7 @@ impl PlatformExprStrategy {
             return match value {
                 NumericVmValue::Boolean(boolean) => Ok(boolean),
                 NumericVmValue::Number(number) => Ok(number.is_finite() && number != 0.0),
+                NumericVmValue::Missing(_) => Ok(false),
             };
         }
         let value = self.eval_dynamic(ctx, expr, day, stock, position)?;
@@ -16604,6 +16642,33 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(missing_stock.turnover_ratio.is_nan());
         assert!(missing_stock.effective_turnover_ratio.is_nan());
         assert_eq!(present_stock.turnover_ratio, 0.0);
+        for predicate in [
+            "!(model_score > 0.0)",
+            "!(model_score != 0.0)",
+            "!between(model_score, 0.0, 1.0)",
+            "!(min(model_score, 1.0) > 0.0)",
+            "!(model_score > 0.0) || false",
+        ] {
+            assert!(!strategy.eval_bool(&ctx, predicate, &day, Some(&missing_stock), None).unwrap(), "{predicate}");
+        }
+        for predicate in [
+            "!(model_score > 0.0) || true",
+            "!(model_score > 0.0 && false)",
+        ] {
+            assert!(strategy.eval_bool(&ctx, predicate, &day, Some(&missing_stock), None).unwrap(), "{predicate}");
+        }
+        for predicate in [
+            "symbol == \"000001.SZ\" && !(model_score > 0.0)",
+            "symbol == \"000001.SZ\" && !(model_score > 0)",
+            "symbol == \"000001.SZ\" && !(0 < model_score)",
+        ] {
+            let error = strategy.eval_bool(&ctx, predicate, &day, Some(&missing_stock), None).unwrap_err();
+            assert!(error.to_string().contains("missing_numeric_operand"), "{error}");
+        }
+        assert!(!strategy.eval_bool(
+            &ctx, "symbol == \"OTHER\" && !(model_score > 0.0)",
+            &day, Some(&missing_stock), None,
+        ).unwrap());
         assert!(!strategy.eval_bool(&ctx, "model_score", &day, Some(&missing_stock), None).unwrap());
         assert!(strategy.eval_bool(&ctx, "model_score", &day, Some(&present_stock), None).unwrap());
         for field in ["turnover_ratio", "effective_turnover_ratio"] {